{"id":43,"date":"2020-09-17T15:35:17","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:35:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=43"},"modified":"2022-02-10T21:41:43","modified_gmt":"2022-02-10T20:41:43","slug":"cauzele-plecarii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/dallitalia-nel-mondo\/le-cause-della-partenza\/","title":{"rendered":"Cauzele plec\u0103rii"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u021a\u0103ranii exclu\u0219i din circuitul agricol nu-\u0219i puteau g\u0103si alte locuri de munc\u0103 \u00eentr-o \u021bar\u0103 aflat\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 la \u00eenceputul industrializ\u0103rii. Francesco Saverio Nitti sus\u021binea cu tact c\u0103 pentru ei, asupri\u021bi de exploatarea st\u0103p\u00e2nilor lor \u0219i doar boga\u021bi \u00een datorii, alegerea era \"t\u00e2lhari sau emigran\u021bi\". De asemenea, el spera c\u0103 emigra\u021bia va deveni un factor de modernizare. Emigran\u021bii ar \"studia \u0219i ar importa\" la \u00eentoarcere mentalitatea, regulile \u0219i ritmurile timpurilor moderne. Astfel, pentru a exprima \u00een cuvinte care nu puteau fi \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een vocabularul lui Nitti, Hristos \u0219i-ar fi putut continua c\u0103l\u0103toria la sud de Eboli. (1)<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen alte regiuni, industria mecanizat\u0103 \u00een plin\u0103 expansiune a eliminat de pe pia\u021ba muncii me\u0219te\u0219ugarii \u0219i muncitorii califica\u021bi. Ace\u0219tia au plecat \u00een alte \u021b\u0103ri pentru c\u0103 acestea ofereau oportunit\u0103\u021bi mai bune de a atinge obiective economice \u0219i sociale care erau greu de realizat acas\u0103. Oameni pentru care emigrarea era doar una dintre op\u021biunile de via\u021b\u0103 posibile.<\/p>\n<p>Decizia de a pleca a fost luat\u0103 adesea la apelul rudelor sau prietenilor din str\u0103in\u0103tate \u0219i, de asemenea, a g\u0103sit alinare \u00een \"ghidurile pentru emigran\u021bi\" foarte des elaborate de \u021b\u0103rile care doreau s\u0103 atrag\u0103 for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 din Europa. Acestea prezentau imagini ale paradisului pe p\u0103m\u00e2nt: c\u00e2mpii nelimitate cu vegeta\u021bie exuberant\u0103, case \u00eengrijite, cartiere urbane ordonate.<\/p>\n<p><em>(1) Carlo Levi, un t\u00e2n\u0103r intelectual din Torino, a fost condamnat la deten\u021bie \u00een Lucania \u00een anii fascismului, unde a scris romanul \"Hristos s-a oprit la Eboli\". Titlul a preluat o zical\u0103 \u021b\u0103r\u0103neasc\u0103 pentru a semnifica faptul c\u0103 lumea sa era \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een afara istoriei.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Mietitura-Riana-sito-2.jpg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-fancybox=\"images\" \n\t\t\ttitle=\"Site de recoltare Riana (2)\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-description=\"\" \n\t\t\titemprop=\"contentUrl\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Mietitura-Riana-sito-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" itemprop=\"thumbnail\" width=\"500\" height=\"360\" \/>\n\t\t\t<!-- Overlay Wrapper -->\n\t\t\t <!-- Overlay Wrapper Closed -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t\t\t<meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"360\" \/>\n\t\tFosciandora, Lucca, \u00eenceputul secolului al XX-lea. Grup familial care pozeaz\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul recoltei\n\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/condizioni01.jpg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-fancybox=\"images\" \n\t\t\ttitle=\"condi\u021bii01\" \n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-description=\"\" \n\t\t\titemprop=\"contentUrl\">\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/condizioni01.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" itemprop=\"thumbnail\" width=\"400\" height=\"291\" \/>\n\t\t\t<!-- Overlay Wrapper -->\n\t\t\t <!-- Overlay Wrapper Closed -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t\t\t<meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"291\" \/>\n\t\tBivigliano, Floren\u021ba, circa 1900. B\u0103t\u0103toare de cereale\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-dallitalia-nel-mondo\"><li id=\"menu-item-221\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/\">Din Italia \u00een lume<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-224\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/cauzele-plecarii\/\">Cauzele plec\u0103rii<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-223\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/documente-pentru-a-pleca\/\">Documente pentru plecare<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-222\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/agenti-de-demigrare\/\">Agen\u021bi de emigrare<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-225\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/ghiduri-pentru-emigranti\/\">Ghiduri pentru emigran\u021bi<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-226\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/din-italia-in-lume\/pentru-lemigrant\/\">Pentru emigrant<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I contadini esclusi dal circuito agricolo non potevano trovare diverso impiego in un paese ancora all&#8217;inizio dell&#8217;industrializzazione. Francesco Saverio Nitti icasticamente sosteneva che per loro, oppressi dallo sfruttamento dei padroni e ricchi soltanto di debiti, la scelta era: &#8220;briganti o emigranti&#8221;. Egli inoltre auspicava che l&#8217;emigrazione diventasse un fattore di modernizzazione. Gli emigrati avrebbero &#8220;studiato [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":40,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-43","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2515,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions\/2515"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}