{"id":105,"date":"2020-09-17T15:46:16","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:46:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=105"},"modified":"2022-03-10T10:52:09","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T09:52:09","slug":"fondatori-si-colonizatori-de-orase","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/la-vita-sociale\/fondatori-di-citta-e-colonizzatori\/","title":{"rendered":"Fondatori \u0219i colonizatori de ora\u0219e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Imigra\u021bia italian\u0103 \u00een Statele Unite, de\u0219i format\u0103 \u00een mare parte din fermieri, a r\u0103mas departe de agricultur\u0103, cu excep\u021bia statelor din sud. Dou\u0103 nume ies \u00een eviden\u021b\u0103 mai presus de toate celelalte: Tontitown, \u00een Arkansas, o colonie cu o istorie zbuciumat\u0103, fondat\u0103 \u00een 1898 \u0219i care este \u0219i ast\u0103zi un or\u0103\u0219el cu o puternic\u0103 component\u0103 italian\u0103, \u0219i, \u00een California, Colonia Agricol\u0103 italo-elve\u021bian\u0103, fondat\u0103 \u00een 1881 \u00een Sonoma Valley de c\u0103tre ligurianul Andrea Sbarboro, precursor al tuturor companiilor create de italieni \u00een \"comitatele vinului\".<\/p>\n<p>Situa\u021bia din America Latin\u0103 a fost diferit\u0103. \u00cen Brazilia, \u00een statele Rio Grande del Sud, Paran\u00e0 \u0219i Santa Caterina, fermieri din Veneto, Friuli, Trento \u0219i Lombardia au fondat nuclee coloniale c\u0103rora le-au dat numele \u021b\u0103rilor lor de origine. Colonizarea nu a fost u\u0219oar\u0103, chiar dac\u0103 au fost acordate ajutoare \u0219i facilit\u0103\u021bi de c\u0103tre guvernele diferitelor state.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Argentina, se poate lua ca exemplu Villa Regina, \u00een provincia Rio Negro, unde, cu o expresie care poate p\u0103rea retoric\u0103, dar nu este, coloni\u0219tii italieni au transformat de\u0219ertul \u00een splendide \u00eentinderi de livezi \u0219i podgorii, de planta\u021bii de lucern\u0103, porumb \u0219i diverse legume. \"Secretul\" acestei transform\u0103ri a fost, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 munca neobosit\u0103 a coloni\u0219tilor, un grandios sistem de iriga\u021bii care a fost proiectat de inginerul Cipolletti folosind apele Rio Negro \u0219i ale altor r\u00e2uri din zon\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>O cale singular\u0103 a mai multor italieni a fost aceea de fondatori de ora\u0219e. S-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat uneori ca micii \u00eentreprinz\u0103tori, care lucrau \u00een industria construc\u021biilor feroviare, s\u0103 aib\u0103 inteligen\u021ba de a preceda \u0219i nu de a urma c\u0103ile ferate \u0219i, prin urmare, s\u0103 achizi\u021bioneze parcele de teren potrivite pentru viitoarele g\u0103ri \u0219i pentru ora\u0219ele care urmau s\u0103 se dezvolte \u00een jurul acestora, \u00eenfiin\u021b\u00e2nd \u0219i fabrici de cherestea pentru produc\u021bia de traverse \u0219i pentru construirea de ad\u0103posturi.<\/p>\n<p>Faptul de a fi participat la aceast\u0103 genez\u0103 le-a adus protagoni\u0219tilor titlul de \"fondatori ai ora\u0219ului\", care, \u00een limitele \u0219i \u00een memoria ora\u0219ului nou-n\u0103scut, se aseam\u0103n\u0103 cu cel de \"p\u0103rin\u021bi pelerini\" nord-americani. Nu o meserie, nu o profesie, ci o activitate multipl\u0103 legat\u0103 de specificitatea \u0219i caracterul temporar al noilor frontiere.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-la-vita-sociale\"><li id=\"menu-item-424\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/\">Via\u021ba social\u0103<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-428\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/mica-italia-si-la-dolce-casa\/\">\"Micile Italii\" \u0219i \"La dolce casa<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/fondatori-si-colonizatori-de-orase\/\">Fondatori \u0219i colonizatori de ora\u0219e<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-425\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/team-building\/\">Gruparea<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-427\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/scoala-intre-doua-lumi\/\">\u0218coala \u00eentre dou\u0103 lumi<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-429\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/povesti-de-intoleranta\/\">Pove\u0219ti de intoleran\u021b\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-430\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/viata-sociala\/catre-o-identitate-complexa\/\">C\u0103tre o identitate complex\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;immigrazione italiana negli Stati Uniti, pur essendo composta in gran parte da contadini, si \u00e8 tenuta lontana dall&#8217;agricoltura con eccezioni negli Stati del Sud. Due nomi risaltano su tutti gli altri: Tontitown, in Arkansas, colonia dalla travagliata storia, fondata nel 1898 e ancora oggi un piccolo paese con una forte componente italiana, e, in California, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":101,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-105","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3174,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105\/revisions\/3174"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}