{"id":73,"date":"2020-09-17T15:41:02","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=73"},"modified":"2022-03-10T11:03:52","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T10:03:52","slug":"afrique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-mete\/africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Afrique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L'\u00e9migration italienne en Afrique repr\u00e9sente un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne mineur par rapport aux flux d'expatri\u00e9s vers l'outre-mer et le reste de l'Europe, mais d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but du XIXe si\u00e8cle, on trouve les premiers Italiens install\u00e9s en Afrique du Nord. Cette \u00e9migration provenait principalement du sud de l'Italie, g\u00e9ographiquement plus proche du continent africain. La pr\u00e9sence italienne dans ces r\u00e9gions augmentera \u00e0 partir de 1880 environ et se concentrera principalement en \u00c9gypte, o\u00f9 une importante communaut\u00e9 de travailleurs italiens s'\u00e9tait d\u00e9j\u00e0 install\u00e9e en raison de l'ouverture du canal de Suez, et en Tunisie, pays o\u00f9 la Grande-Bretagne et la France avaient respectivement \u00e9tabli leur protectorat.<\/p>\n<p>Au cours des ann\u00e9es suivantes, l'\u00e9migration italienne vers le continent africain se m\u00eale \u00e0 la colonisation, qui commence par l'\u00c9rythr\u00e9e et se poursuit en Somalie, en Libye et en \u00c9thiopie avec l'annexion de 1936, la constitution de l'Afrique orientale italienne et la proclamation de l'Empire.<\/p>\n<p>Avec l'arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de Benito Mussolini, le fascisme tente d'endiguer les flux migratoires des Italiens vers les Am\u00e9riques en les d\u00e9tournant vers les colonies italiennes de l'Afrique orientale italienne (Somalie, \u00c9rythr\u00e9e et \u00c9thiopie) et vers la Libye.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale et le processus de d\u00e9colonisation qui s'en est suivi, le rapatriement de nombreux Italiens a commenc\u00e9, pour culminer en 1970 avec l'arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de Mu'ammar Kadhafi en Libye. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/989-ok-3.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00fanez, Sfax, trabajadores en el trabajo en una cantera de m\u00e1rmol\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"604\" width=\"1000\" title=\"989 OK\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\"  \/>\n\t\tT\u00fanez, Sfax, trabajadores en el trabajo en una cantera de m\u00e1rmol\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-le-mete\"><li id=\"menu-item-403\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/\">Destinations<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-409\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/larrivo\/\">Arriv\u00e9e<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1529\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/amerique-du-nord\/\">Am\u00e9rique du Nord<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1530\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/amerique-du-sud\/\">Am\u00e9rique du Sud<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1532\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/leurope\/\">L'Europe<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1531\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/australie\/\">Australie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1528\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/destinations\/afrique\/\">Afrique<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;emigrazione italiana in Africa rappresenta un fenomeno minore rispetto ai flussi di espatri diretti oltreoceano e verso il resto d&#8217;Europa,\u00a0tuttavia gi\u00e0 dai primi anni dell&#8217;Ottocento troviamo i primi italiani insediati nel Nord Africa. Si tratta di un&#8217;emigrazione proveniente in prevalenza dall&#8217;Italia del sud, geograficamente pi\u00f9 vicina al continente africano. La presenza italiana in queste regioni [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":63,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-73","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3185,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/73\/revisions\/3185"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/63"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}