{"id":59,"date":"2020-09-17T15:38:25","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:38:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=59"},"modified":"2022-03-10T10:47:19","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T09:47:19","slug":"en-train","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/il-viaggio\/in-treno\/","title":{"rendered":"En train"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Le voyage - c'est-\u00e0-dire le temps n\u00e9cessaire pour atteindre le pays de destination - est l'\u00e9l\u00e9ment symbolique de tout le processus de migration, du d\u00e9tachement d'un \"avant\" - connu et aim\u00e9, bien qu'insatisfaisant - pour atteindre un \"apr\u00e8s\" - certes attrayant, mais presque enti\u00e8rement inconnu. C'est une p\u00e9riode aussi difficile \u00e0 vivre que les tournants de la vie de chacun.<\/p>\n<p>Pour de nombreux \u00e9migrants italiens, le train \u00e9tait le principal moyen de rejoindre les grands ports d'\u00e9migration nationaux et europ\u00e9ens : G\u00eanes, Naples, Palerme, Le Havre... Comme les navires, les trains et les gares sont devenus, \u00e0 partir du milieu du XIXe si\u00e8cle, le symbole de la s\u00e9paration subie par les familles, qui faisaient leurs adieux en accompagnant leurs proches \u00e0 la gare au moment du d\u00e9part pour leur port d'embarquement. Pascal D'Angelo, un \u00e9migrant, \u00e9crit : \"J'ai entendu le grondement du train - ni mules ni chevaux pour le tirer - puis la pression de mon p\u00e8re qui me pressait de monter dans le wagon.<\/p>\n<p>Suite aux politiques de restriction de l'immigration mises en \u0153uvre par les pays d'outre-mer, de nouvelles destinations se sont ajout\u00e9es aux flux migratoires italiens apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale, d\u00e9sormais dirig\u00e9s vers les pays d'Europe centrale et septentrionale. C'est ainsi que des trains charg\u00e9s d'\u00e9migrants ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 traverser l'Europe, emmenant des millions d'Italiens \u00e0 Paris, Bruxelles, Stuttgart, Zurich...<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1970, les trains sont \u00e9galement devenus le symbole de l'\u00e9migration interne, du sud vers l'Italie du nord industrialis\u00e9e, o\u00f9 les principales destinations sont devenues le triangle industriel G\u00eanes-Milan-Turin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-il-viaggio\"><li id=\"menu-item-398\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-voyage\/\">Le voyage<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-399\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-voyage\/en-attente-de-depart\/\">En attendant le d\u00e9part<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-401\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-voyage\/en-train\/\">En train<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-voyage\/par-bateau\/\">Par bateau<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-402\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/le-voyage\/etablissements-de-soins\/\">\u00c9tablissements de soins<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il viaggio &#8211; il tempo cio\u00e8 che si impiega per raggiungere il paese di destinazione &#8211; \u00e8 l&#8217;elemento simbolo di tutto il processo migratorio, del distacco da un &#8220;prima&#8221; &#8211; conosciuto e amato, bench\u00e9 insoddisfacente &#8211; per raggiungere un &#8220;dopo&#8221; &#8211; sicuramente attraente ma quasi del tutto ignoto. E&#8217; un tempo difficile da vivere come [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":53,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-59","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3167,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/59\/revisions\/3167"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}