{"id":69,"date":"2020-09-17T15:39:52","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:39:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=69"},"modified":"2022-03-10T10:59:26","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T09:59:26","slug":"europa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/le-mete\/europa\/","title":{"rendered":"Europa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La emigraci\u00f3n de italianos a trav\u00e9s de los Alpes, hacia el centro y el norte de Europa, siempre ha sido activa, incluso cuando se afianzaron los grandes flujos de emigraci\u00f3n transoce\u00e1nica. Sin embargo, su car\u00e1cter estacional o al menos temporal siempre ha dificultado su cuantificaci\u00f3n precisa.<\/p>\n<p>Debido principalmente a las restricciones estadounidenses a la entrada de nuevos inmigrantes en el pa\u00eds, el flujo hacia Europa super\u00f3 a otros destinos, en particular Francia, Alemania, B\u00e9lgica, Suiza, pero tambi\u00e9n Gran Breta\u00f1a. Estos pa\u00edses necesitaban mano de obra barata y, en la inmediata posguerra, hab\u00edan llegado a acuerdos con el gobierno italiano: j\u00f3venes trabajadores destinados principalmente a las minas de Europa a cambio de materias primas y fuentes de energ\u00eda, sobre todo carb\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00ed, para resolver los dram\u00e1ticos problemas de desempleo de una Italia puesta de rodillas por la Segunda Guerra Mundial, a partir de 1945 el gobierno italiano incentiv\u00f3 los flujos de emigraci\u00f3n \"asistida\", casi exclusivamente masculina, hacia pa\u00edses europeos, que mantendr\u00edan un marcado car\u00e1cter transitorio dada su relativa proximidad a Italia, aunque comenzaron a formarse comunidades de italianos residentes permanentes, especialmente en B\u00e9lgica, Suiza y Alemania.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/3297-ok.jpg\" alt=\"Alemania, Dusseldorf, alredededor de 1905. En la f\u00e1brica de estatuas sagradas de Adamo Mazzolini\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"574\" width=\"800\" title=\"3297 OK\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\"  \/>\n\t\tAlemania, Dusseldorf, alredededor de 1905. En la f\u00e1brica de estatuas sagradas de Adamo Mazzolini\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-le-mete\"><li id=\"menu-item-403\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/\">Destinos<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-409\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/larrivo\/\">Llegada<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1529\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/america-del-norte\/\">Norteam\u00e9rica<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1530\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/america-del-sur\/\">Am\u00e9rica del Sur<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1532\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/europa\/\">Europa<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1531\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/australia\/\">Australia<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-1528\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/destinos\/africa\/\">\u00c1frica<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;emigrazione degli italiani oltralpe, verso l&#8217;Europa centrale e settentrionale, \u00e8 sempre stata attiva, anche quando si sono imposti i grandi flussi di emigrazione transoceanica. Tuttavia il suo carattere stagionale o comunque temporaneo ne ha sempre resa difficoltosa una precisa quantificazione. Fu soprattutto a seguito delle restrizioni statunitensi per l&#8217;ingresso nel paese di nuovi immigrati che [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":63,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-69","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/69","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/69\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3183,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/69\/revisions\/3183"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/63"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}