{"id":40,"date":"2020-09-17T15:34:40","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T13:34:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mei.ms-dev.it\/?page_id=40"},"modified":"2022-03-07T21:54:38","modified_gmt":"2022-03-07T20:54:38","slug":"aus-italien-in-die-welt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/dallitalia-nel-mondo\/","title":{"rendered":"Von Italien in die Welt"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Die italienische Auswanderung dauerte von den letzten Jahrzehnten des 19. Jahrhunderts bis in die 1970er Jahre und war durch eine geografische Streuung \u00fcber die ganze Welt gekennzeichnet. Die so genannten \"Vertreibungsfaktoren\" betrafen die Landwirtschaft, die durch die Billigimporte von amerikanischem Weizen und anderen Getreidesorten bedroht war, die Konkurrenz einiger europ\u00e4ischer L\u00e4nder im \u00d6l- und Weinhandel und, insbesondere in den s\u00fcdlichen Regionen, die Ausdehnung der Latifundien und die Aus\u00fcbung primitiver Kulturtechniken.<\/p>\n<p>Der Koffer ist seit langem das Symbol der Auswanderung. Vor dem Koffer gab es das \"B\u00fcndel\": ein St\u00fcck Stoff, bestenfalls ein Tuch, in das man Dinge einwickelte, die man in sein neues Land mitnehmen wollte. Das Wort \"infagottare\" wird weithin im \u00fcbertragenen Sinne verwendet: zudecken, bekleiden, eine Person mit Kleidern, schweren und \u00fcppigen T\u00fcchern zu einem B\u00fcndel zusammenschn\u00fcren. Auf einigen der hier ver\u00f6ffentlichten Fotos sind Frauen zu sehen, die \"geb\u00fcndelt\" sind; sie sind selbst Gep\u00e4ck, denn sie tragen mehr Kleidung, mehr Schichten, um ihr armes und daher wertvolles Hab und Gut nicht unbeaufsichtigt in den Lader\u00e4umen zu lassen.<\/p>\n<p>Und in dem B\u00fcndel oder dem Koffer befand sich eine ganze \"Welt\": Erinnerungen an eine weit entfernte Familie, eine Notiz f\u00fcr einen Verwandten oder einen Landsmann, manchmal ein Empfehlungsschreiben f\u00fcr jemanden, von dem man sich Hilfe erhoffte, Lebensmittel, ein Musikinstrument... eine Welt eben.<\/p>\n<p>Und auch, f\u00fcr die Weitsichtigeren, ein \"Do-it-yourself\"-Vokabular. Im Cresci-Archiv gibt es ein Heft mit englischen Vokabeln, in dem man S\u00e4tze lesen kann wie: \"Ianmen, ai nide bai santin ciu it, iu uil scio mi becher sciop Giovanotto, io abbisogno comprare qualche cosa da mangiare, voi volete mostrare me bettiere bottega\".<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/foto-stazione6-1280x1010-1.jpg\" alt=\"Auswanderer beim Verlassen eines Bahnhofs, 1908\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"1010\" width=\"1280\" title=\"foto-stazione6-1280x1010\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\">\n\t\tAuswanderer beim Verlassen eines Bahnhofs, 1908\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"DIE GR\u00dcNDE F\u00dcR DIE AUSWANDERUNG - Italienische Auswanderung\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JvOygYcQpMs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-dallitalia-nel-mondo\"><li id=\"menu-item-221\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/\">Von Italien in die Welt<\/a>\n<ul>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-224\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/die-ursachen-der-abreise\/\">Die Ursachen der Abreise<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-223\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/dokumente-zum-verlassen\/\">Dokumente f\u00fcr den Austritt<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-222\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/auswanderungshelfer\/\">Auswanderungsbeauftragte<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-225\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/leitfaden-fur-auswanderer\/\">Leitf\u00e4den f\u00fcr Auswanderer<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li id=\"menu-item-226\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/aus-italien-in-die-welt\/fur-lemmigranten\/\">F\u00fcr den Auswanderer<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;emigrazione italiana si \u00e8 protratta dagli ultimi decenni dell&#8217; Ottocento sino agli anni Settanta del Novecento ed \u00e8 stata caratterizzata da una dispersione geografica in tutto il mondo. Quelli che vengono definiti &#8220;fattori di espulsione&#8221; riguardavano l&#8217;agricoltura, minacciata dalle importazioni a basso prezzo di grano americano e di altri cereali, dalla concorrenza di alcuni paesi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-40","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3111,"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/40\/revisions\/3111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museoemigrazioneitaliana.org\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}